Dhaka's exponential population growth-from 3 million in the 1980s to 23 million in 2023-fuels urban encroachment on sensitive floodplains and agricultural zones. LULC changes (1994-2024) vs.DAP zones (1995-2035) reveal a built-up expansion that weakens natural buffers and heightens flood risk and environmental degradation. Integrating vulnerability metrics underscores the urgent need for sustainable planning and robust policies to balance urban development with ecological resilience.